Working Principle of Ammeter: The working principle of an ammeter depends on the current flowing along with its resistance. To measure resistance, we can also use an analog multimeter and digital multimeter. Hi friends, in this article, I am discussing about analog frequency meter working principle and hope you will find it informative and helpful. Similar to an analog multimeter, a DMM has a common . They are used for voltage measurement. They are joined together at one of their ends. Throughout a measurement, it is not compulsory to deactivate the current-carrying circuit. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. The main function of this device is to measure a live conductor in the circuit without damage or power loss. Current transformer clamp meters are equipped with rigid jaws of made of ferrite iron. The power switch is used to switch on or off the meter. The energy is the total power delivered or consumed during a time interval. Working Principle of Multimeter: A multimeter is basically a PMMC meter. The Inlet section is the linear segment extending from the device and acts as a front-end connection for the fluid flowing inside. The action of moving iron analog frequency meter depends on the variation in current drawn by two parallel circuits - one inductive and the other non-inductive - when the frequency changes. it can also select the proper range for the . Substitute the value of v1 in Equation (a), and we get, The above expression can be simplified by using, Substituting this value of Cc in equation (b), we get. Therefore, the expression for force is. Filed Under: Fluid Mechanics Tagged With: Orifice Meter construction, Orifice Meter discharge equation, Orifice Meter parts, Orifice Meter working principle, Orifice plate, Mechanical Engineer, Expertise in Engineering design, CAD/CAM, and Design Automation. This equipment is very simple to use and operate. Hall Effect type is used to gauge both AC (alternating current) & DC (direct current). As the force is proportional to square of V, The control torque is provided by a balancing weight. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Your email address will not be published. This is used in each and every house and industry for calculating the energy consumed by them. The control torque is provided by a balancing weight. These are used for repairing accessible systems based on the requirement. Definition. Flexible type uses a Rogowski coil for measuring only AC in tight spaces. It needs ADC to exhibit the reading. The space required for the Orifice meter installation is less. A differential manometer is attached between the two points to measure the pressure differences between these two points. DC Milliamp Clamp Meter The specifications are: Correctness provides the high-rated measurement of 0.2 percent of accuracy, Functional temperature and Humidity -10, Power Source R6/LR6 (AA) (1.5Volts) 4, Analog output Recorder: DC 1000milliVolts in contrast to DC 100mA, Dual display along with the backlight displays both mA measurement and nearly percent of 4-20 mA, Includes spotlight for illumination of the measurement point, Employed for the measurement of high-level currents. Generally, these meters are safer as compared with a multimeter. they work with an electricity supply. The obtained coefficient of discharge is low. And this coil is free to rotate in the field of a permanent magnet. This device helps to record the measurements accurately than we see on the scale directly. Thus, this is all about an overview of clamp meter. Our motive is to help students and working professionals with basic and advanced Engineering topics. Construction and Working. As you can see from the orifice plate image above, this plate is thin enough to fit between an existing pipe. Construction of a Meter Bridge: A meter connect has a 1m long wire of uniform cross-segment region, which is extended tight. Your email address will not be published. The clamp meter diagram is shown below. For this reason, the movable electrode is allowed to move by not more than a fraction of a millimeter to a few millimeters even for high voltages so that the change in electric field is negligibly small. Based on Faraday's induction law, the induced voltage is considered as differential to the magnetic flux which crossed all across the search coil. As it is clear from the name of this instrument, it can make many (multi) measurements with reasonable accuracy such as AC and DC voltages . It is a cheaper device compared to Venturimeter.Let us discuss more details of the Orifice Meter such as the construction, working principle, different parts, and more They are Porcelain/Ceramic insulator Glass insulator Polymeric Composite insulator, Electrostatic voltmeters measure the force based on the above equations and are arranged such that one of the plates is rigidly fixed whereas the other is allowed to move. Working Principle. Here is a question for you, what is the function of dc clamp meter? The construction and design of this orifice meter are very simple. Analog multimeters are less accurate because of the parallax errors & readings of the wrong pointer: Digital multimeters are very accurate: It doesn't need ADC to show reading. The pointer needle is past 50 but less than 100. Construction | Working Principle of Multimeter. The balancebeam carries a mirror which reflects a beam of light. Hold button mainly holds the final value on the LCD display. The Orifice meter is very cheap compared to other flow meters like theventuri meter. A differential manometer is connected at section (1), which is at a distance of about 1.5 to 2.0 times the pipe diameter upstream from the orifice plate, and at section (2), which is at a distance of about half the diameter of the orifice on the downstream Side from the orifice plate. Very little impedance is used inside the ammeter as it must drop the least amount of voltage attached to it. The main function of this device is to measure a live conductor in the circuit without damage or power loss. Let us discuss more details of the Orifice Meter such as the construction, working principle, different parts, and more. In Orifice Meter, there is a pipe in which fluid is passing from one side to another side that is an inlet section to the outlet section. Insulator Materials: Porcelain, Glass & Polymeric, Three Point Starter: Working and Application, Comparison of Synchronous and Induction Generator, 3-Phase Induction Motor: Construction and Working. Read more details about the Differential manometers. WatElectronics.com | Contact Us | Privacy Policy, Force Sensor : Working, Interface with Arduino, Differences & Its Applications, Flame Sensor : Working, Pin Diagram, Circuit, Interface with Arduino & Its Applications, Fingerprint Sensor : Working, Interfacing & Its Applications, Thermopile : Construction, Working, Interface with Arduino & Its Applications, Current Sensor : Working, Interfacing & Its Applications, Air Flow Sensor : Circuit, Working, Types, Interfacing & Its Applications, Thermal Sensor : Working, Types, Interface with Arduino & Its Applications, Biometric Sensor : Working, Types, Interface with Arduino & Its Applications, Flow Sensor : Working, Types, Interface with Arduino & Its Applications, Door Sensor : Circuit, Working, Wiring Diagram, Interface with Arduino & Its Applications, PIR Sensor : Circuit, Working, Interfacing with Microcontroller & Its Applications, What is Sound Sensor : Working, Types & Its Applications, This device is mainly utilized for measuring current readings, Through multimeter, one can find readings of voltage, minimal current, and resistance values, Through clamp meters, high current values can be measured, Provides greater accuracy and enhanced resolution, Appropriate to calculate machine speed and to know the amount current drawn, The added benefit of this device is more efficient, The compactness of the device is an added benefit, It has more actions and can be protected from damages, Battery life is not more and this is the drawback of, Provide a power supply to the device by connecting the current probe and meter, To stay back from any circuit damages, select a higher range of values and then gradually reduce the scale reading when the current value is decreased, Connect the elastic pipe of the probe in the conductors region and make sure that the distance between the conductor and the probe should be > 1 inch or = 2.5 inch. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. to recording this measurement there is an electrical transmitter. A multimeter can help you measure voltage, resistance, current, the capacitance of capacitors etc. The place of the orifice plate in the pipe only determines the flow rate or discharge at that point only. The above equation is derived . A multimeter is a tool basically used to measure current, voltage and resistance.. The meter diagram is shown above. In the principal hole, R, an obstruction confine . Construction and Working Multimeter basically consists of sensitive moving coil galvanometer which can be converted into Multirange ammeter by connecting a current measuring circuit Multirange voltmeter by connecting a voltage measuring circuit Multirange ohmmeter by connecting a resistance measuring circuit. As the spacing between the two electrodes is large, the uniformity of the electric field is maintained by the guard rings H which surround the space between the discs F and M. The guard rings H are maintained at a constant potential in space by a capacitance dividerensuring a uniform special potential distribution. This work is on an analogue multimeter. The jaws are individually wrapped by coils of copper wire. The construction and internal connections are shown in Figure. (Flow Condenser is a filter-type section which guides the fluid flow in very linear motion). For instance, the meter which is designed by FLUKE mainly includes the following. For this reason, the movable electrode is allowed to move by not more than a fraction of a millimeter to a few millimeters even for high voltages so that the change in electric field is negligibly small. L in its name signifies inductance, C stands for capacitance and R denotes resistance. 0 angle of incidence = full response. There is an iron cored coil pivoted on two jeweled bearings. The function of the attenuator is that it helps to select a particular range of voltage values. These are used to execute scheduled, preventive protection as well as troubleshooting of the system. Pyranometer is used for measuring the diffused radiation and beam radiation which varies with the cosine of the angle of incidence. While selecting the range, ensure that the maximum range is above than that is expected. Classification or Types of Voltmeter According to the construction principle, we have different types of voltmeters, they are mainly - Parmanent Magnet Moving coil ( PMMC) Voltmeter. Connect the stretchy tube of the probe in the region of the conductor. The 40% to 90% overall head loss of the differential pressure. due to the presence of float in the tube, there is a head loss occurs, this loss is equal to the weight of the float. When magnetic flux flows across the searching coil, it tends to induce a voltage in the search coil. The applications of clamp meter include the following. It used where there is a quality supply of air is needed. This kind of multimeter also comprises an . It is capable to determine a wide range of flow rates the main advantage. Clamp Meter Construction. With this the electric field gets disturbed. Ohmmeter works based on when an ohmmeter applies current to the circuit or component, it measures the resulting voltage and calculates the resistance value using ohms law formula V=IR. There are different types of clamp meters available which include the following. Electro Dynamometer Type Voltmeter. First, connect the current probe to the meter. Construction and Working of Orifice Meter Orifice is made up of materials like stainless steel, phosphor bronze etc., to withstand against corrosive effect of flowing fluids. Moving disc M forms the central coreof the guard ring G which is of the same diameter as the fixed plate F. The cap D encloses asensitive balance B, one arm of which carries the suspension of the moving disc. It is mounted with the help of a spindle so that the disc can rotate, which in turn rotates the spindle. Shunt increases the range of measurement of the current by the galvanometer and hence the range of ammeter is increased. Its construction is simple: Its construction is complicated because of the involvement of components like electronics and logic. The induction wattmeter consists of two laminated electromagnets viz. The differential manometer is a device used for measuring the difference in pressures between two points in a pipe or in two different pipes. The maintenance cost for the orifice meter is low. The shunt magnet is connected across the supply and carries a current proportional to the supply voltage. These devices do not disrupt the flow of current so that the technicians can measure quickly and very safely. The electric field according to Coulomb is the field of forces. Now section (2) is at the venta-contracta and a2 represents the area at the venta-contracta. Rectifier Type Voltmeter Induction Type Voltmeter. to recording this measurement there is an electrical transmitter. The limitation on the gap distance is the safe working stress (V/s) allowed in air which is normally 5 kV/cm or less. This equipment is very simple to use and operate. Together, they form a magnetic core during measurements. This is the expression for the flow discharge through the orifice. How To Show or Draw Centre Marks in Creo? Now force F between the plate is defined as derivative of stored electric energy along the field direction i.e. Definition: A device that is used to measure current in an efficient, convenient, and safe manner without using test leads is known as clamp meter. The orifice Accuracy can be affected by the viscosity, density, and pressure of the fluid. A flow condenser also can be installed on the inlet section of the Orifice meter to enhance the linear flow of the fluid. We can find the rate of flow by direct visual. Scale shows the measurements of flow by indicating with float. Your email address will not be published. Construction of a Rotameter: The primary divisions on the scale are 50 and 100. By adding a multiplier resistance, an analog multimeter can measure the voltage from milli-volts to kilovolts, and this meter works as a millivoltmeter, a voltmeter or even as a kilo voltmeter.. By adding a battery and a resistance network, this instrument can work as an ohmmeter. Functional temperature and Humidity - -10 0 C to the range of +50C < 85 percent. The Outlet Section is the linear segment similar to the inlet section where the pressure of the gas or fluid discharged is determined. It has a dial that is used for selecting the required measurement. A U-tube differential mercury manometer is connected between two sections, one on upstream side and other at vena contracta on the downstream side of orifice plate. It can even measure the current of milliampere range. Here, only one reading to be measured at once. Maximum current is still 1 mA. Pyranometer do not require much maintenance and are designed for long life service. Transformer clamps or Jaws are used to detect the magnetic field while the current flowing in the conductor. The balancebeam carries a mirror which reflects a beam of light. This work is on the design and construction of digital multi-meter using PIC microcontroller. Working: Firstly two tubes are inserted into the pipe as given above image. The phasor diagram of the energy meter is shown below. Now, switch on the ammeter across every cable in the winding and find out the current reading. The main drawback of this meter is, the long tester accuracy is significantly low. Continue with Recommended Cookies, An Orifice Meter is a device used for measuring the rate of now of a fluid through a pipe. The difference between clamp meter and multimeter are discussed below. Orifice Meter Works is based on the principle of Bernoullis equation. Accurate measurements are not possible init. This tube is in a conical shape which has a measurement scale and floats inside it, this transparent tube helps to see the measurements directly. However, both types of multimeters have the same working procedures. Shunt protects the galvanometer coil from being damaged due to the excess flow of current. Range changing is accomplished by shunts in such a way that the current passing through the meter does not exceed the maximum rated value. The working principle of clamp meter is the magnetic induction principle to create AC current measurements without contact. Therefore, average torque is given as, But, Ip p Vph. Let us apply Bernoullis Equation at sections (1) and (2) we get. Set switch to the correct measurement types and range for the measurement to be made. Manage Settings Construction and Components of Multimeter The multimeter basically consists of a bridge DC amplifier, rectifier, PMMC meter, function switch, internal battery and an attenuator. The coil is wound on an aluminum former or bobbin. it has multiple measurement symbols written on it. Usually, the electrostatic voltmeters have a small capacitance (5 to 50 pF) and high insulation resistance (R 1013 ). The energy is product of power and time (E = P t). the pitot tube is used to measure the velocity head of the flow. These can be used by using the following steps. Electrostatic voltmeters are made with parallel plates configuration using guard rings to avoid corona and field fringing at the edges. The electric field isproduced by voltage and, therefore, if the field force could be measured, the voltage canalso be measured. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. the tube that points upstream measures . The transformer clamps of this meter do not require contacting a conductor throughout a measurement. Rotameter: Rotameter is a fluid flow rate measuring device which is also called a variable area meter. In this video, the construction and working of n-channel JFET and p-channel JFET are explained. This device has a long vertical tube which is transparent to view the measurements on a scale, which is according to the flow of fluid through it. The significant component of LCR meter is the Wheatstone bridge . The distance between the probe and the conductor must be above one inch or 2.5cm. It also works on the same Bernoulli's principle as that of the Venturimeter. The flow of current throughout a wire generates a magnetic field. It is an extremely quick X-Y plotter that shows the input signal versus another signal or versus time. Providing this induced voltage into the integrating flux meter will . This switch is used to choose the current based on the range & type being measured. We can work on it directly, without any sample flows. Thermocouple is made from two different metals having different thermoelectric properties. As it is clear from the name of this instrument, it can make many (multi) measurements with reasonable accuracies such as AC and DC voltages, currents, and resistances. What is a Clamp Meter : Construction & Its Working A clamp meter is one kind of test equipment and it is also known as Tong Tester.
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