Each colony had its own - often quite distinct - laws, railway gauge, postage stamps and tariffs. The colonies of Australia were New South Wales, Western Australia, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania. All of those countries were federations, a model that a united Australia would adopt. Queensland received a constitution similar to that of New South Wales when it was separated from the latter and established as a new colony in 1859. Before Federation, Australia was divided into six separate colonies. The colonies are federated into the Commonwealth of Australia on January 1 1901. A 60 minute lesson in which students will explore the establishment of the six colonies of Australia. As a result, Australia began to build up its own navy in 1909. 184 pages Years: 5 - 6 lesson plan Assessment - Australia Becomes a Nation An assessment task in which students will demonstrate an understanding of Australia's colonisation and . In the late 1800s Australia was made up of six separate British colonies: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia. Federation. Teacher explains that Australia was Federated on 1st January 1901 and a new Constitution took effect. Watch the clip Federation . The non-Indigenous population at the time of Federation was 3.8 million. ), standard ( 4 ft 8 12 in or 1,435 mm standard gauge. ) After British colonisation, the name New Read More what was . A number of European countries annexed territories or established colonies close. Before 1872 the British colonies had nothing to do with each other, although a telegraph linked the colonies and the idea of being "Australian". The history of the Australian Army dates back to colonial forces, prior to the Federation of Australia in 1901. The population was growing at an annual rate of around 3 per cent. It became the colony of Queensland in 1859, with Brisbane as its capital. She was launched on 3 April 1855 and had the distinction of being the first warship to be built in Australia for the defence of an Australian colony. Add to Favorites. alternatives . Self-Government and Economic Expansion, 1850-1900: The Australian colonies of New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania (renamed officially from Van Diemen's Land in its constitution), and Victoria achieved self-government during 1855 and 1856. Each colony made laws for the people within their colony. Then in 1788 the first fleet arrived at Botany Bay. At the time, New Zealand was doing better economically than the Australian colonies and both were restructuring their relationship with Britain. Queensland could not afford to be left out now if it wanted to trade freely and sell its products . On the same day the northern half of South Australia is ceded to the Commonwealth as the Northern Territory. On January 1 1911 the Federal Capital Territory is created within New South Wales. Download. By the 1890's songs and poems were being written to celebrated a nation and the idea of becoming a federation was becoming much more popular The colonial navies were supported by the ships of the Royal Navy's Australian Station which was established in 1859. For a more detailed discussion of Aboriginal culture, see Australian Aboriginal peoples. The 1820s to the 1860s were a foundational period in Australian history, arguably at least as important as Federation. Some of colonial forces, which served the states of Australia at the time, were gradual united into federal units between 1899 to 1903; thus forming the beginning of the Australian Army. In 1901 the colonies became states when they joined together to form a federation of Australia. Revise the Year 5 inquiry question: How did an Australian colony develop over time and why? Make yourselves a united people, appear before the world as one, and . Australia in the late 19th century consisted of six self-governing British colonies that were subject to the British Parliament. 1. It shows only the general locations of larger groupings of people which may include clans, dialects or individual languages in a group. Add to Favorites. Industrialization was transforming Britain, but the southern colonies were pre-industrial, with economies driven by pastoralism, agriculture, mining, whaling and sealing, commerce, and the construction trades. The colony of South Australia was the first free settlement that remained that way. The Union Jack. At the 1891 Convention, the delegates approved a draft Australian Constitution, drawn up by one of the Queensland delegates, Samuel Griffith. Edmund Barton (Protectionist, Member for Hunter, NSW, 190103) is sworn in as Australia's first Prime Minister. In 1790-1791 two more fleets arrived and the first free settlers arrived . The Commonwealth of Australia was formed in 1901 through the federation of six states under a single constitution. Towards the end of the Nineteenth Century, the Australian colonies enjoyed a considerable increase in prosperity. Here is Western Australia's nineteenth century example. What was Australia called before Federation? On the maps provided match each descriptions to the correct map. The Queen. New South Wales (NSW) The history of NSW in the mid-nineteenth century is substantially about gold and succession. Before Federation in 1901, Western Australia had made the construction of a railway linking the nation's eastern and western colonies a condition for . In 1900 the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act was passed by the UK parliament, which set up the Australian Federal Parliament. Maps; Social Studies and History ; Australia Federation; Australia Federation. Before Federation in 1901 five of the six separate colonies maintained their own naval forces for defence. 4. The narrower 2 ft or 610 mm. The first practical step towards federation was the creation of the Federal Council of Australasia in 1885. The Convention had proposed a national Parliament made up of two houses, a Senate and a House of Representatives. Each had a written constitution in the form of an act of the British Parliament which established a legislature consisting of two houses. Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, New South Whales, Victoria and Tasmania. Prior to 1901, Australia consisted of six British colonies. Economy. of the Australian colonies in 1901? A 32 slide editable PowerPoint to use in the classroom when learning about the establishment of British colonies in Australia. What are the factors that led to Federation?The idea that the six Australian colonies ought to create some form of national government had existed since the 1850s.By the 1880s colonial leaders were becoming concerned about matters such as defence and immigration, which affected the whole continent. It was founded in 1836. Federation took on different meanings for Queenslanders depending on where they lived. Many in favour of Federation in Queensland were hopeful that this would encourage Queenslanders to unite with the other colonies as well. 1. On 1 January 1901, these colonies, excepting New Zealand, became states in the Commonwealth of Australia. WA 1890; SA 1857; Vic, NSW and Tas 1856; Qld 1859 . The separate colonies maintained control over their respective navies until 1 March 1901, when the Commonwealth Naval Forces was created. The territories are under the control . New South Wales Naval Brigade New . In 1787 the boundary of New South Wales was set, in London, as a line through the continent at 135 degrees of longitude. There were many fears in Australia and that the . Half of these lived in cities, three-quarters were born in Australia, and the majority were of English, Scottish or Irish descent. The founding of the city came 12 years after the former British colonies of Australia came together during the federation of colonies in 1901, deciding to form the Commonwealth of Australia. Each colony had its own Governor. In groups of four, examine the map of Queensland. The first Australian goldrush took place in NSW in 1850, but the discovery of substantial gold deposits in the new colony of Victoria in 1851 caused a migration from one neighbouring state to the other. 1897. delegates elected to a representative Constitutional Convention. These colonies partly governed themselves, but they were also under the control of the British Parliament. The colonial armies were officially united as the Commonwealth Forces in the Defence Act of 1903 . The Dominion League of Western Australia commissioned a map (Figure 2) to support their cause. Eventually, Swan River (Western Australia) would become a third penal colony when the failing settlement requested an injection of convict labourers (1850-1868). Answer (1 of 9): The Australian colonies federated in 1901 for the following reasons: Australia needed a united voice in International Affairs. activities 1. In 1901, 98% of people in Australia were of British heritage. Students were also asked to propose a response to a . It was a remarkable political accomplishment that had taken many years and several referenda to achieve. In January 1901, Australia became a nation (Federation) and the colonies became . Australia wanted to remain a country of white people who lived by British customs. Henry Parkes, Premier of New South Wales, delivered a speech at Tenterfield in 1889, calling for the six Australian colonies to unite and form one national government. Students record notes on the Reasons Against Federation using Balloon worksheet (attached below). Over the next few decades, the colonies of New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Van Diemen's Land (later renamed Tasmania ), and Victoria were created from New South Wales, as well as an aborted Colony of North Australia. Territory of Central Australia (1927-31) Territory of Papua (1902-49) Territory of New Guinea (1920-49) Territory of Papua and New Guinea (1949-72) Background and overview. CREATE NEW FOLDER. Other smaller settlements were formed throughout Australia. Images Map of Australia at the time of Federation This map shows the borders of the Australian colonies at the time of Federation. It is located between the Indian and Pacific Oceans in the Southern hemisphere. There was support for the idea in official circles in Britain, especially after the Canadian colonies federated in 1867. It met . These were the final borders of the six colonies at the time of Federation. Maps; Social Studies and History ; Australia Federation; Australia Federation. The capital cites were Sydney, Perth, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Hobart Australia is extremely dry, with about 35% of the country receiving very little rain (if any). On the 26 January 1788 Captain Arthur Phillip raised the British flag at Sydney Cove along with convicts, their children, marines and their families. In 1824 a convict settlement was established at Moreton Bay on the Brisbane River. Unlike their parents and grandparents who had come as migrants, those born in . . Each colony had its own laws, railway gauge, postage stamps and taxes. Prior to documented history, travelers from Asia may have reached Australia. Blue and Red stripes. Who governed Australian colonies before Federation? A strong sense of identity had developed among the people of each colony. 3. Who was Henry Parkes? Federation : Australia becomes a nation on 1 January 1901 when the six colonies federate, and the Commonwealth of Australia is proclaimed in Centennial Park, Sydney. The Federation of Australia The Federation of Australia Australia's 6 British colonies became one nation on 1 January 1901. Federation was more a matter of sentiment than a business deal. As of 2014. Now thanks to Federation each colony has their own leader. The new federal system of governance divided power between the national (Commonwealth) government and the new state governments. The two Territories have been separated because they are products of the Federation of the Australian colonies, the topic of the next section. EARLY PROPOSAL FOR A UNITED AUSTRALIA Lang, John Dunmore, Map of the proposed seven united provinces of eastern Australia, 1857, nla.obj-232290542 Discussion on uniting the disparate colonies was active throughout the nineteenth century. The colonies are New South Wales, Western Australia, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania. A Nation is Born. After federation (which is now) there aren't any colonies but we have seven states. Read the information explaining the main reasons why Australia became a Federation. Manage My Favorites. Dominion of Australia. Upgrade to Download. Thus, all colonies are admitted into the Commonwealth as States. Henry Parkes had a great deal to do with the federation of Australia. When the colonies decided to join together in a federation, representatives from each colony were elected to attend meetings (called constitutional conventions) to draw up a constitution for the new nation. South Australia did not adopt a flag until 1904. Write the number of the correct description next to the map. Procedure. In 1863 the area of New South Wales north of South Australia was added to South Australia. Section 124 of the Constitution of Australia provides for the establishment or admission of new States to the Federation. Activity 1 - The Road to Federation. Australia became a nation on 1 January 1901, when the British Parliament passed legislation enabling the six Australian colonies to collectively govern in their own right as the Commonwealth of Australia. Answer (1 of 8): From first settlement in 1788,(referred to invasion day by our aboriginals) Australia was a collection of British Colonies. Another country that might have been part of Australia was New Zealand. It used published resources from the eighteenth century-1994 and is not intended to be exact, nor the boundaries fixed. Divide your page into 4 sections and record key phrases for each section. and broad ( 5 ft 3 in or 1,600 mm. ) The people of New South Wales voted for the draft Australian Constitution and for Federation on 20 June 1899. Convict Colonies. 3. Australia fought on the side of Britain in the World Wars and became a long-standing ally of the United States when threatened by Imperial Japan during World War II. A company of the Victorian Mounted Rifles on manoeuvres in Victoria in 1889. First 500 viewers get 2 Months Premium Membership on Skillshare with this link: https://skl.sh/suibhne5WARNING: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander viewers. By the late 1800s they had all been organized into six separate colonies. In 1901 the 6 British colonies united to become a new nationthe Commonwealth of Australia. On the 1st of January 1901, Federation united the six Colonies of: Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and Western Australia to form the Commonwealth of . Manage My Favorites. . 2. Henry Parkes was the 5 times premier of New South Wales. Students completed worksheet titled 'Birth of a Nation' (hard copy only), worksheet titled 'The . 1898-1900. referendums on the Constitution held in all colonies. From 1788 until 1870 this was done with British regular forces. Share. In 1828, the boundary was moved across to 129 degrees of longitude and the western part became Western Australia. Map 7. Do one of the following activities. One Prime Minister. With an area of 7,617,930 square kilometres (2,941,300 sq mi), Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country.Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited . Cancel. The Six Colonies of Australia. A Companion to Australian Art is a thorough introduction to the art produced in Australia from the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 to the early 21st century. Lord Hopetoun is appointed as Australia's first Governor-General. Federation. Colonial period, 1788-1901 | Australian War Memorial Colonial period, 1788-1901 British settlement of Australia began as a penal colony governed by a captain of the Royal Navy. You may modify and decorate a political map of Australia or explain the situation in a paragraph. In 1828, the boundary was moved across to 129 degrees of longitude and the western part became Western Australia. Download.